DC-3 PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY OF MILK


1. The milk constituent which is in highest concentration in the milk from all the species is





2. Lactose content will be highest in the milk produced by





3. The common name for the species Bubalus bubalis





4. Among the following species milk with highest casein is produced by





5. Mineral content in the milk is highest in the milk produced by





6. When one substance disperses evenly and thoroughly in to the other such substances are known as





7. When light rays pass through a colloidal system they will be





8. The basis for the Classification of the colloids is





9. Particle size of the molecules which are dispersed in a colloid





10. Surface tension of the lyophyllic colloidal molecules will be





11. The milk constituent that exists in colloidal form is





12. The colloidal system in which there is strong attraction for the molecules in dispersion phase is





13. The tendency of the particles to pass from higher concentration to lower concentration this is the characteristic feature of





14. In a collidal solution Oswald s ripening is observed when the particle size is






15. In a colloid, the process of adhering or coalasing of the dispersed particles to one another is called





16. A mixture of two immiscible (unblendable) liquids is known as





17. An example for the water- in- oil type of emulsion is





18. Acceptability of food emulsions depend on the





19. In an oil- in- water emulsion flavour can be enhanced by





20. The most important physical property of an emulsion is





21. The most widely used food gel of milk is





22. The process of regeneration of a completely dehydrated gel by adding water is known as





23. The site where the water molecules are located when a sol is converted in to a gel is





24. The property of the gel which results in the resetting of a gel after disturbing its structure is known as





25. The stress needed to destroy the gel structure is called





26. The mass or weight of a certain volume of the product divided by the mass of an equal volume of water is known as





27. The property which is useful for converting the volume in to weight is





28. The advantage of determining the specific gravity is





29. The most commonly used instrument for measuring the specific gravity of milk





30. The symbol used for denoting the density is





31. The important milk constituent which influences the density of milk is





32. The ?20 of milk with an average composition will be





33. The instrument used for the determination of specific gravity of concentrated milk products is





34. During the refrigeration of milk the specific gravity will increase due to





35. The effect of homogenization of whole milk on the density is





36. The physical property of liquids useful in studying the stability of emulsions and colloids is





37. Surface energy for extremely fine emulsions will be higher because





38. The units used for expressing the surface tension in CGS units are





39. The surface active substances concentrate at the surface in proportion to their





40. In milk the constituents which depresses the surface tension are





41. In fluids the resistance of liquid to flow or pour is known as





42. The volume of the milk constituents considerd for determining the volume fraction of the dispersed particles are





43. When a plot of shear stress versus rate of shear is a straight line passing through the origin such fluids are known as





44. Among the milk and milk products the Newtonian behavior is exhibited by





45. The milk product which exhibits the apparent viscosity is





46. The effect of adding urea upto 4.8M to skim milk on its viscosity is





47. The most important milk constituent contributing to its viscosity is





48. The most suitable instrument useful in measuring the viscosity of non Newtonian fluids is based on





49. The viscosity of skim milk is





50. The viscosity of milk is often measured as





51. Physical properties that depends only on the number of particles in solution rather than the type of particle are known as





52. A membrane which separates two solutions with different concentration of solutes allows only water from the solution but not the solutes it is known as





53. The temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the surrounding pressure.





54. An increase in the amount of solute in a solution the melting point of the solution will





55. When an ionic material dissociate in to their ions the number of ions formed will be equal to the





56. The process which is helpful in isolating some of the constituents which are in soluble state in milk is





57. When a solution and the pure solvent used in making that solution are placed on either side of a semi permeable membrane the side on which the pressure is exerted on the membrane will be





58. The law expressed by the equation P = csolvent Po is





59. The effect of adding a nonvolatile solute to a liquid on the vapor pressure above that solution is





60. Equilibrium vapor pressure above the pure liquid will be established by





61. Boiling point of milk is higher than that of water because of the presence of





62. Milk which is adulterated with water will have a boiling point





63. Boiling point of normal cow milk





64. The freezing point of milk obtained from an animal affected with mastitis will be





65. The temperature at which the solid, liquid and vapour pressure exists in equilibrium with each other is known as





66. The substances which does not increase the collegative property when dissolved in water are known as





67. The theory of electrolytic dissociation or ionization was proposed by





68. Electric current in a solution is conducted by the.





69. An ion will have a negative charge when its nucleus has





70. The ultimate unit of electricity and its charge is





71. The theory of electrical dissociation is proposed by





72. The value of equivalent conductance at infinite dilution for any electrolyte is the sum of contribution of its constituent ions", i.e., anions and cations. The name of this law is 





73. The ionic conductances are proportional to their





74. To which type of solutions the degree of dissociation is inversely proportional to the square root of the initial molar concentration





75. To which law the equation K =[A+][B-] / [AB] represents





76. Ionic and polar substances are more easily soluble in polar solvents because they are





77. Water molecules can form strong electrostatic attractions with other water molecules, polar molecules and ions because





78. Pure water in its equilibrium state the concentration of H3O+ and OH- will be





79. Concentration of unionized water is taken as constant because





80. The substances in which ionization can be induced are known as





81. In solutions containing acids the equilibrium of the water dissociation will be affected due to .





82. The equilibrium is determined by the dissociation constant which in general is expressed in terms of their activities and it is known as





83. The number of moles of water per litre at 250C are





84. The negative common logarithm of the concentration of OH-: is defined as





85. The product of [H+] and [OH-] is always equal to





86. According Lewis concept an acid is any species which is capable of





87. An example for Lewis acids which have the electro deficient molecules is





88. According to Bronsted -Lowry the process in which a proton is transferred from an acid to a base is known as





89. Water can act both as an acid as well as a base because it can





90. According to the concept of Bronsted -Lowry the acetic acid(CH3COOH ) solution in benzene is not acidic because





91. As proposed by the Arrhenius the substances that produce protons H+ and bases are the substances which produce OH+ in the media





92. The proportion of the reagents and products at equilibrium can be obtained by using an





93. The range of dissociation constant( Ka ) for acids will be





94. The higher value for the equilibrium constant indicates that the given acid is





95. The undissociated molecules in weak acids when compared to the dissociated particles will be





96. In milk the change in the pH would result in the change of





97. The pH of normal healthy cow milk will range between





98. The pH of the milk does not truly represent the titratable acidity because





99. In the freshly drawn milk the acidity caused by the constituents of the milk is known as





100. Total titratable acidity of fresh milk is useful for





101. The reaction of acids with bases will result in the formation of





102. The process that would occur when the salts come in contact with water is known as





103. The resulting solution after salt formation due to the reaction between a strong acid and a strong base will be





104. The reaction of a weak base with a weak acid will result in the





105. Example for the salt formed by the reaction of a strong acid and weak base is





106. The effect of adding a strong base to an acid buffer is the formation of





107. A basic buffer is a combination of weak base (BOH), and its salt with





108. A solution containing relatively large amounts of a weak base and its salt with a strong acid, is termed as





109. The equation for knowing the pH of a buffer solution is proposed by





110. When compared with the fluids surrounding the fluid cells within the cell have to maintain





111. For a buffer solution the Henderson Hasselbalch equation is useful for estimating its





112. The main limitation in the use of Henderson Hasselbalch equation is the





113. Henderson Hasselbalch equation is used for the determining pH of





114. The symbol used for the expression of dissociation constant of an acid is





115. It is possible to calculate the ratio of concentrations of acid and conjugate base, necessary to prepare the buffer using the Henderson Hasselbalch equation by knowing





116. The factors which help for assessing the aggregation or dispersion of protein micelles and fat globules is by knowing the





117. The acidity and the buffering capacity of milk are determined by the





118. The molar quantity of acid or base needed to change the pH by one unit is known as





119. The maximum buffering index of standardize milk with 3.0% fat is





120. The colloidal calcium phosphate in milk becomes soluble when





121. For the dissociation process of the compounds like sodium chloride the energy required for the ions is obtained by the process of





122. The results obtained by using the color indicators will be





123. pH indicators being weak acid or base upon addition to a solution they will





124. The indicators that exhibit several smooth colour changes over wide range of pH values are known as





125. The natural source for Anthocyanins, an extractable red pigment is





126. Measuring the tendency of a chemical species to acquire electrons and to get itself reduced is known as





127. Electrochemical cells are powered by redox reactions and produce which are spontaneous electricity are known as





128. The electrodes which are fast, very selective, used in vivo are





129. The electrodes which are reversible, which follow Nernst equation and have stable potential with time are





130. The equation developed by Nernst is useful for the calculation of





131. The principal systems that determine the Eh of milk is





132. The effect of removing the oxygen in the system and introducing the Nitrogen gas in to milk on the Eh of milk is





133. The ascorbic acid content of fresh milk is about





134. The process by which the ascorbate content of milk can be preserved is by





135. The range of Eh where the Methylene blue reduction noticed is





136. The process of using sustained nuclear fission for gernerating heat and electricity is known as





137. Due to the emission of alpha rays an atom will lose two protons and the atomic number by two units and the element is said to be undergoing





138. The reaction where two or more elements "fuse" together to form one larger element is known as





139. Atoms having the same nuclear charge but are having different masses are known as





140. The emission of electromagnetic energy (Similar to light energy) from an atom s nucleus is known as





141. The time taken for the radio nuclide to lose half of its radioactive property is known as





142. The oldest and cost effective method used to detect the radiation exposure from alpha, beta and x-rays is





143. The number of half life a radio isotope can have is





144. In comparison to a radio nuclides having shorter half life, a longer half life radio nuclide the power of a radioactivity will be





145. The field in which the dose calibrators and pocket dosimeters are used in ionization chamber of a radioactivity measuring instrument is





146. The source of entry of radionuclide in cow milk is





147. The time taken for half of the radio active element ingested by a person has been excreted is known as





148. In our Country the level of radioactive minerals in milk and milk products when compared with the recommended limits of a country are





149. In comparison to the level of radio nuclides in milk the milk powder will be





150. In general the radio nuclides found in dairy products are





151. Electromagnetic radiation is classified on the basis of





152. When the electromagnetic radiation interacts with single atom and molecules their behavior depends on the





153. The instrument used for the detection of radiation is





154. By using the high induced current the radiation obtained will produce heat which is used in





155. The law which shows relationship between the absorption of light and to the properties of the material through which the light is travelling is





156. Term used to describe the shift of absorption to a longer wavelength in the UV-visible spectroscopy is





157. Symbol used for molar absorptivity is





158. The form in which molecules containing ?-electrons or non-bonding electrons (n-electrons) can absorb the energy is





159. The Beer s law is useful for measuring the





160. The most commonly used solvent for the UV-visible spectroscopy is